Knitted fabric



` Feb, 20, 1940. v, LOMBARDI Y KNITTED FABRI Original Filed April B, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. V20, 1940. v. LOMBARDI KNITTED FABRIC original Filed Aprir 8. 1937 2 sheets-sheet 2V hun .M ,Q .UQSZH m M um www@ ,im

INVNTOR. Hager/ alf/ani? ATTORNEY.

Patented Feb. 20, 1940.

, UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE xNrr'rEn Fannie Vincent Lombardi, Garden City, N. Y.,' assigner to Lombardi Knitting Machine Co., Inc., Newl York, N. Y., a corporation of New York original application April s, '1937, serial No.

Divided and thisA application June 23,

193s, serial No, 280,105

strands of yarn are embodied in a novel manner whereby distinctive design effects may be obtained.

Other objects of -the invention will in part be obvious and will in part appear hereinafter.

'Ihe invention accordingly comprises an article of manufacture possessing the features, properties, and the relation of elements which will be exemplified in the article hereinafter described l and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the claims.

For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the invention reference should be had to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic rear view of one form of fabric exemplifying certain embodiments in the invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged somewhat diagrammatic detail view e,of the portion of the fabric ofFig. 1 set oil? by the dot-and-dash lines; i

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a. portion of the fabric of Fig. 1 taken in the direction of the arrows along the line 3--3 of Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic rear view of anpther form of fabric exempliiying other embodiments of the invention;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged somewhat diagrammatic detail view of the portion of the fabric of Fig. 4 set off by dot-and-dash lines; and

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic rear view of still another form of fabric exemplifying still another embodiment of the invention. l i

Modified jersey fabrics such, for instance, as exemplified in my Patents 1,541,230, 1,728,293, and 2,002,271 among others, are, because of their appearance, sturdiness, and easy production, ex-

cellently adapted for a wide variety of uses; and all modified jersey fabrics of the types including a secondary yarn thruout the body thereof are,

because of their heaviness and rsistance to stretching, admirably adapted for use in coating` the body of the fabric runs across certain of ground yarn. In accordance with the invention ined jersey types, the range of design eiects ob- `tainable has generally been limited to designs obtained by varying the portions of the fabric wherein a particular one of the yarn-groups making up the fabric 'is knitted. Design effects have 5 also been -obtained by inserting special yarns in particular courses or at particular portions of the fabric, but the -types of designs which can be thus obtained are likewise limited.

With the foregoing and other considerations in view, theI present invention contemplates the provision of knitted fabric wherein a strand of yarn other than the ground yarn or yarns formthe courses and wales of -the fabric and is vcaught therein at desirably positioned spaced points so as to give a distinctive design effect, and especially the provision of a knitted fabric of a modified jersey type wherein there is employed ground yarn certain of which, or certain portions .of which, are knitted, and certain of which, cr cerg tain portions of which, are unknitted, and wherein the design or other additional yarn is' caught into' the fabric by unknitted portions of the 25 in its more specific aspects, there is provided one or more strands of additional yarn each extending across certain of the courses and wales of the fabric and caught into the fabric at irregularly disposed spaced points. The term strand of yarn is utilized herein to include asingle thread of yarn; a plurality of threads of yarn utilized as a unit, as in a rope; a ribbon of yarn, etc.; and l the term yarn is used in its generic sense in this art, and is not intended to imply the use of any particular material or procedure in its for' mation. Each strand of other"or fadditional yarn may be caught into the fabric so as to apl pear primarily at the rear of a fabric, or, in certain instances, may appear at least partly on the front of the fabric to provide design effects thereon. In referring to the rear" of the fabric it is intended to designate that side thereof which is ordinarily considered the rear of a jersey or modied jersey fabric, but, it is to be understood, that such side may be utilized as the exposed -portion of the fabric in a garment, or may be em.-

ployed in such portions of a garment as are turned over and therefore exposed, or in such portions of a garment as are exposed by the iiapping of a garment or by'taking oil of the garment. In accordance with the invention, the design or other additional yarn may be disposed at the rear of the fabric, andcaught into the fabric insuch manner that the additional yarn lies be-` tractive design effects.

rear of the fabric.

In accordance with the invention, the strand or strands of additional yarn may be caught into the fabric by being extended under portions of reinforcing or other body yarn which extend coursewise of the knitted yarn, in which case its appearance onthe Afront of the fabric may be substantially avoided; or it may be permitted to show on the front o'f the fabric at certain points. Such strand or strands may extend in any of a wide variety offmanners across certain of the courses and certain of the wales, so asv to provide any of a wide number of highly desirable and at-l In order to illustrate the invention, a few ofthe many ways in which such strand or-strands may be caught into the fabric and 'extended thereacross are exemplified herein- In Figs. 1, 2, and 3,l there is shown a'form of l fabric of the character exemplified in Fig. 5 of my Patent 2,002,271, dated May 21, 1935. The body of this fabric comprises yarn 6 Vwhich is knitted thruout'a pluralityof wales in each of vertical rows 300, 302, etc., and yarn 1 which is knitted thruout a plurality of wales ineach of vertical rows 30|, '303, etc. A plurality of the strands of the yarn 6 are carried across the rear of the fabric where the yarn 1 ls knitted to provide a group of the yarn 6 (one such group being indicated at A, in Fig. 2) in each of the lateral rows |0I, |03, etc., and a plurality of. strands of the yarn 1 are carried across the rear of the fabric where the yarn 6 lis knitted to provide a group (one such group being indicated at B in Fig. 2) in each of the lateral rows |00', |02, etc.

In accordance with the invention there is provided vin this fabric a strand of yarn 5, which, in the present instance, is in the form of a ribbon. This yarn extends under the groupv of loose yarns of. the lateral row |0| and the vertical row 30|; thence successively under the groups in lateral rows |03 and |05 of vertical vrow 30|; thence diagonally across the wales :and

courses of the fabric under the group of yarns lin lateral row |08 and vertical row 302, and inA v. lateral row and vertical row 303;- thence it extends vertically under the group in lateral vrow ||3 in vertical row 303; thence diagonally to the left to the group of yarns in lateral row ||6 and vertical row 302, and under this group and the group in lateral row ||8 in the same vertical row; thence it extends diagonally to the right to and under the group of yarns'in lateral row |2| and vertical row 303; thence diagonally to.

theleft to and under the group in lateralrow |24 and vertical row 302; and, thence diagonally to the right to and under the group in lateral row |21 and vertical row 303. It will be appreciated wardly, as at the upper left-hand. part of Fig. 1,

tween a portion of body yam which is knitted and a portion of body yarn which is itself at the under the loops in a single vertical row, in certain instances.

'Ihe fabric also embodies a strand of yarn i0 A(which may be red yarn) which extends downture .of rows. |02 and 308, and upwardly underl this group. It extends in a similar manner over and under the groups at the junctures of rows |04 and 308, and of |08 and 308; thence it extends diagonally to a point below the group at the juncture of rows |01 and 301 and upwardly underv this group; thence toa Apoint below the group at the juncture of rows |08 and 306 and upwardly under this group, where it completes its diagonal course; thence .downwardly under the group at the juncture of rows |09 and 305, and thence diagonally in the other direction to points successively below the groups at the junctures of rows ||0 and 306, of'rows and 301, and of.rows||2 and 308, extending upwardly under each of Ithese groups; thence it .extends downwardly over the latter group andthe group at the juncture of rows ||4 and 308 and upwardly underthis group; and thence it extends diagonally inthe first direction, being caught under the groups at the junctures of. ||4 and 308, of ||5 and 301, and of ||6 and 306, in a manner similar to the manner in which it was caught at its. first diagonal course; thence itextends' downwardly and then is caught in the fabric by being extended thru the fabric to the front thereof at |0a. -It is thereupon carried on the front of the fabric, as indicated at E"(Fig. 3), being 'then extended at |0'b back thru the fabric, and extending diagonally across the back of the fabric, passing over the group at the juncture of rows ||9 and 305, as indicated at F. At the end of the portion F it again extends to the front of the fabric, as indicated at |0c, thence it extends downwardly at the front' of the fabric, as indicated at G, passes at |0d to the back of the fabric, extends diagonally to the right at the rear of the fabric as indicated at H, extending over the loop. of yarns at lateral row |23 and vertical,V

row 305, passes thru the fabric at |0e, extends on the front of the fabric at I, extends to the back of the fabric at |0f, and extends on the back of the fabric to a part thereofbeneath the part illustrated;

In Figs. 4 and 5 the body of the fabric is of a character, the form oi'. which will be readily understood by reference to my Patent 2,002,271, dated May 21, 1935. In the present instance, the fabric comprises body yarn whichl is knitted .thruout groups of wales in vertical rows 40|,.403, etc., and of additional body yarn l2 which is knitted in groups of wales forming vertical rows 400, 402, etc. Between eachof the vertical rows the' yarns and |2 are each knitted in a single wale, a plurality (four, in the present instance) of 'the strands of the yarn being knitted, as at Ila, Hb, ||c, and lid, and thereupon a plurality (four, in the present instance) of, the strands of the yarn I2 being knitted in the same Wale, as at |2a, |2b, |2c, and |2d-this type of alteration continuing thruout the Wale. Wales of this character are shown at 4|0,`4||, 4|2,`etc. The yarn Il .extends across the back of the fabric in the vertical rows wherein the yarn |2 is knitted, and the. yarn I2 extends at the rear of the fabric lacross the vertical rows wherein the yam is knitted-the plurality of yarns which form .ad- 75- jacent loops in. the wales 4|0, 4|I, etc., extenddesired.` In the' present instance, they may bev ing across the rear of the fabric as a group. The manner of such grouping is well exemplified at J in Fig. 5, wherein the four strands of the yarn I2, which extend from the loops I2a, |2b, |2c, and |2d in the Wale 4|0 to similarly numberedloops in the wa1e 4| I, constitute the group.` Each group of such strands is, in the present instance, caught or tied in between a loop in one row and-a loop in .an adjacent row at a more or less central point as indicated 'at K. II'he yarns and I2 may be of the same or different characters, as

considered asboth consisting of relatively lightweight white yarn. IAs will be seen, the groups of the yarn Il are arranged in lateral rows |30, '|32, etc., and the groups of theyarn I2 are arranged in lateralrows |3I. |33, etc.

At the left hand side of Fig. 4 there is exemplified a strand of yarn I3 (which may be heavy blue yarn), which is embodied in the fabric to give design effects. 'I'his yarn extends `downwardly under the right-hand side of the vgroup at the juncture of rows |30 and 400; under the left-hand side of the group at the juncture of Arows I3| and 40|; upwardly under the righthand side of this group; downwardly under the left-hand side of the group in lateral row |32 and vertical row 402; thence to the left; and then downwardly under the left-hand side of the group at the juncture of rows |33 and 403, the right-hand side of the group at the juncture of |34 and 402, the left-hand side of the group `at'the juncture of rows |35 and 403, and the right-hand side of the group at the juncture of rows |36 and 402; thenceupwardly underfthe right-hand side of 'the latter group, and similarly under thel sides of the 4group in lateral row |31 and vertical row 40|: and thence successively under the right-n and left-hand sides of the groups at the junctures of rows |38 and 00, |39 and Mii, iti and 40H3, and i4! and 400.

A second additional yarn I4, which as enem-4 under the right-hand side oi the group in lateral row itt and vertical row 4M. I

.as will be observed from Fig. 5. each Wale, such as dit, 4M, etc., wherein all of the body yarns are tted extends in a somewhat wavy line, so

that the knitted loont of the yarn I i are nearest the verticalrows wherein the yarn il is knitted, au Ii,- leavina a. aan at the left; and the loops wherein the yarn it is et tted in the waie are nearest the veridcal row wherein theyarn it is tten, as at in, leaving a gap at the right. accordingly, there will be a space at the front of the iabrlc under the edges of the, groups oi' yarn, so that an additional .yarn running under the'uioups ot yarn at these points will appear at the front of the fabricthru the gaps, so vas to sive a design eiiect in the front. in tion with a Wale auch as H or MI, at. such apoint. Portions of yarn of this v'clslariauzter are partial'- larlyexempiied at i3d, |30, Ik, |30, and |3,

and at I4e 'and idf, where the strand of yarny is- I 30 and vertical row 408, and under the right-- hand side of'those groups in Fig.5 which are'.

similarly disposed with respect to each other as are the groups of the fabric of Fig. 1 under which the yarn I0 extends in courses |02 thru ||2 of Fig. 1 except at the point where the yarn extends furthest to the left, where in the present instance itis extended downwardly under .the left-hand side of the groups in lateral rows |38.and |40 and vertical row 400, instead of being carried y under the right-hand side of the group in lat- .eral row I 30 and vertical row 405 where it would tend to show on the front of the fabricthe positioning of all these groups in Fig. 4 being readily apparent from Fig. 4. It is to be noted that this yarn extends entirely tothe rear of .the fabric, and it is contemplated that it will be so disposed thruout the entire fabric. The

Y' right-hand side of the fabric of' Fig. 4 may, in

this connection, be considered as an individual piecerof fabric. In a fabric of this type, 4the black yarn affects the appearance of the front of the fabric very slightly, and enables the fabric to be used in instances where the absence, ratherV than the presence, of special design effects on the front of the fabric is desirable.

In Fig. 6 there is shown a form of fabric the ,body of which is, as will be seen, of a modied jersey type wherein certain of the ground yarn is knitted in the jersey fashion at least ina portion of the fabric and wherein at least in this portion of the fabric other ground yarn is `laid into the fabricas by being caught under at least certain of the sinker loops of the knitted yarn.-

This fabric comprises yarn it' (which may be heavy white yarn) and which is tightly knitted in the jersey fashion; and also yarn il (which may also be heavy white yarn) and which is caught, in the present instance, between a loop in one row and a loop in an adjacent row in alternate wales in alternate courses. It is to be noted in this connection that in fabrics such as shown in this figure, while the yarn which is caught between a loop in vone row and a loop in an adjacent row is referred to as being caught in a given course and in a given'wale, it is actually extended between. the loops of two courses and may .extend more or less above the course `referred to, and may also be caught at points variously spaced laterally, as for instance being caught in proty to the points where the loops cross each other or being extended at other points under (as viewed-trom the rear) a portion of the looped yarn in one row and over a portion of the looped yarn in a lower roto-in some inscec extending under the lowerniost part ci the yarn winch is looped :In the .upper row. It is accordingly to be understood Vthat the references to courses and to wales"` herein etL areto be taken in a eral sense land are to he|` understood to include areas which may to some Y extent overlap. lin the. present instance, the

yarn Iiin the courses |50, itz-etc., is caught in the wales ttt, M2, etc., and the yarn I'I in the courses |59, |50, etc., is caught in the wales 453, etc. In the courses |50, I 52, etc.. the

yarn I1 extends entirely behind the fabric'in any the yam n forms portions ne extending entirely behind the fabric in the wales 450, 452, etc., of courses ISI and |53, etc. While in the diagrammatic showing of Fig. 6 the lines indie cating the yarn have, for the sake of clarity of illustration, been made relatively thin and have been spaced well apart from each other, it is to be understood that the yarn I6 is sumciently -tightly knitted and sumciently thick so that those portions of other yarn which 'arel disposed on the rear ofthe knittedA yarn will not ordinarily be visible from the front of the fabric. In the present instance, strands of additional yarn extending on the back of the fabric are caught therein by being extended under the portion I 'ie at suitable points. As exemplified, a yarn i 8 (which may be thicker green yarn) extends under the portion I'Ie in Wale 453 of course i50; under the portion Ile in Wale 452 of course E53; under the portion lle in Wale 453 of course |56; under the portion Ile in Wale G53 of course |58; and thence successively under the portions lle in Wale 451i of course ld, Wale 453 of course |62, Wale 455 of course i611, and Wale 455 of 4course B68. As will be apparent, this manner of catching in an additional yarn permits the provision of a fabric wherein the additional yarn itself` never extends to the front of the fabric and where its appearance on the front of the fabric is consequently eliminated when the body of the fabric is formed of relatively tightly knitted, relatively thick yarn, as exemplied. As will4 be appreciated, the yarn should for this purpose be knitted more tightly if it isparticularly thin or should be thicker if'it is relatively loosely knit. It is to be understood that in this instance, as( in others, the body yarn which "is not knitted at any particular part of the fabric may be caught into the fabric at spaced points rr in various ways; as by being caught between a loop in one row and a loop in an adjacent row -in wales which are spaced by two, three, or even` more wales; by being knitted in the fabric; by being extended .thru loops; by being caught under a portion ofthe knitted yarn, as under a portion in a Wale or between two wales-such portions being spaced one or more wales apart, as desired; or by being caught into the fabric at the edge of said-part of the fabric where said part is not Wide; or by other dispositions which will beapparent to those skilled in the art. It is` also to be understood that in this instance, as in others, certain of the body yarns may be knitted at certain parts of the fabric and other of the body yarns knitted at other parts, the yarn not knitted being carried 4at the rear of the,

fects in accordance'with the invention.

As Will be apparent,`fabrics having distinctive and highly attractive design effects Which depart markedly from the usual type of designing may be provided in accordance with'the present iny vention. The -term yarn when used herein without qualification by the context tothe contrary`is intended to be understood in its generic sense, and to be readable on yarn consisting of l a single yarn-strand and on yarn comprising a plurality of yam-strands.

Since certain changes may be made in the above product and different embodiments of thel invention could be made Ywithout departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in theaccompanyin'g drawings shall be interpreted v as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

, It is also to be understood that the following claims are intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention herein described, and all statements of the scope of the invention which as a matter of language might be said to fall therebetween.

I claim:

1. A knitted fabric comprising ground yarn at least certain of which is knitted and at least certain of which extends across portions of knitted yarn without being knitted, and a strand of additional yarn which extends across certain wales and courses in a generally walewise direction at the rear of the fabric and which is caught against the ,fabric at spaced points by unknitted portions of the ground yarn.

2.`A knitted fabric comprising ground yarn at least certain of which is knitted and at least certain of which extends across portions of` and at least certain of which is carried primarily behind the fabric, and a strand of warp yarn extending back and forth across certain of the wales of the fabric at the rear of the fabricl and caught against the fabric at spaced points by portions of body yarn which extend at the rear of the fabric at such points.

4:. A knitted fabric of a modined jersey type comprising, at any particular part of the fabric, body yarns at least one of which is knitted and at least another of which is carried primarily behind the fabric, and a strand of additional yarn extending at the rear of the fabric and caught against the lfabric at points variously spaced coursewise and walewise of the fabric by portions of body yarn which extend at the rear of the fabric at such points.

5. `A knitted fabric of a modified jersey type comprising, at any particular part of the fabric,

body yarns at least one of which is knitted and at least another of Which is carried primarily behind the fabric in a plurality of courses thereof and is caught at spaced points in each course under portions of the knitted yarn, and a strand of additional yarn extending at the rear of the fabric and caught between the knitted yarn and a portion of said other body yarn at each of variously spaced points walewise and coursewise of the fabric.

6. A knitted ,fabric of a modified jersey type comprising body yarns which are knitted in Various portions of their extent and at least certain of which extend across various parts of the back of the fabric in groups, and a strand of additional yarn extending along said fabric' and be-= ing caught at certain points between said groups vof yarn 'and said knitted yarn.

7. A knitted fabric of a modified jersey type comprising body yarns which are knitted in various portions of their extent and at least certainof which extend across various parts of the back oi the fabric in groups, and a strand of additional yarn extending across certain of the courses and wales of the fabric and `being caught at certain points between said groups of yarn and the knitted yarn.

8. A knitted fabric of a modiiied Jersey type comprising body yarns which are knitted in various portions of their extent and at least certain of which extend across various parts of the rear of the fabric in groups. and a strand ot additional yarn extending along the rear of the fabric and being caught in front of certain of said groups of yarn in an unknitted manner.

9. A knitted fabric of a modied jersey type comprising bodyyarn .including knitted yarn so arranged as to provide gaps in the front od the fabric, and additional yarn extending across a plurality of wall and courses along parts ofthe fabric at the rear of the knitted yarn and cainht into the fabric and appearing at the front o f the fabric thru said sans. V

10. A knitted fabric comprising ground yarn at least certain of which is knitted and at least certain `oi' which extends across portions of knitted yarn without being knitted, and a strand of additional yarn which extends generally'walewise at the rear of the fabric and whichis caught against the fabric at spaced points by unknitted portions of the ground yarn. said strand ofv additional yarn being of contrasting character to the ground yarn and extending in an irregular manner across certain of the courses and wales of the fabric.

11. A knitted fabric comprising ground yarn at least lcertain oi' which is knitted and at least certain of which extends across portions of the knitted yarn, and warp yarn which thruout at least a portion ofits extent extends across certain wales and courses generally at the rear of the fabric and is caught against the fabric by unknitted portions of the ground yarn.

VINCENT LOMBARDI. 

